DFI’s research and analytical work has covered many multilateral concessional financing issues. These include:

how developing countries can get the best quality multilateral aid for development. For examples of this work see

• Guide to Donors
• Key Analytical issues for Government External Financing
• The Effectiveness of Aid to Africa Since the HIPC Initiative: Issues, Evidence and Possible Areas for Action
• The Role of Multilateral Grants in Financing the MDGs

how concessional financing could work better to protect developing countries against exogenous shocks

• Investigation into the International Architecture for Economic Shocks Financing

• Long-term Sustainability for HIPCs: How to Respond to Shocks

how to improve the IMF’s relevance for low-income countries. For examples of this work see

• What is the Point of the PSI? The Views of African Policymaker
• Helping the Poor? The IMF and Low-Income Countries